Tomato sauce is a key ingredient used in a variety of dishes, including pastas, soups and ketchup. Like other fluid foods, tomato sauce has specific flow properties that determine the ideal temperature and concentration for food processing. Tomato sauce generally experiences increased viscosities, or flow volumes, depending on the pulp content of each specific sauce. Determining the flow properties of different tomato sauces is essential for food manufacturers who include tomato sauces in their products, as the flow property can determine the consistency and shelf life of the food.
Definition
Tomato sauce is made by mixing multiple tomatoes in a grinder or processor. Most types of tomato sauce contain all parts of the vegetable, including the pulp and skin. Since different brands add different amounts of water to their sauces, the flow property of each company or product type may differ depending on concentration. For best results, compare the flow property formula for tomato sauce with your individual product to determine a reliable measurement.
Flow Properties
Studies performed on the flow properties of tomato sauce typically compare the dispersion of solid particles, or pulp, with the water content, or serum. The primary flow property used for food quality and consumer acceptability is viscosity. A study published in a 2006 issue of the “Journal of Food Science” tested 28 separate tomato sauce concentrates containing various amounts of pulp. According the findings, apparent viscosities of concentrates increased linearly with pulp content expressed as weight and volume percentages. In other words, pulp concentrations contributed significantly to viscosities and had a slowing effect on the flow properties. Determining the viscosity of a tomato sauce requires a variety of information, including brix degree, or sucrose content; serum, or water content Longchamp Outlet; and the amount of pectin gelling agent. The formula for determining the viscosity of the tomato sauce is: serum + pectin * pulp * brix degree. Each of the variables, including serum, pectin, pulp and brix degree, should be included in the product label or manufacturer’s catalog.
Tomato Paste
A study published in a 2010 issue of the “World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology” found tomato paste to behave as a non-Newtonian semifluid. In other words, the paste exhibited different flow properties from traditional Newtonian fluids, which demonstrate a linear stress-versus-strain rate curve. Each of the 10 separate tomato paste samples was found to follow a power law model that linked breaking temperature with concentration. Tomato pastes that included higher concentrations of pulp were less likely to break into liquid form before reaching temperatures such as 80 and 85 degrees centigrade. Since tomato paste is essentially tomato sauce with less serum, the research suggests that both types of tomato fluids reflect an incline in flow properties that relate to the concentration to serum ratio.
Accuracy
When determining the flow property of your particular tomato sauce product, make sure you have accurate information on the percentages of concentration and serum. Some distributors also provide the breaking temperatures of their product, typically 65 to 85 degrees centigrade.
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Senna leaf is a traditional folk remedy for stomach upset. With the new millennium's growing popularity of dietary supplements for weight loss, some distributors of senna leaf products have begun to market it as a weight loss product. While the claim that it can produce weight loss may be technically true, the way it does so is not your healthiest option for shedding a few pounds.
Senna Basics
Senna is a leafy shrub, with two species used in herbal remedies: cassia occidentalis and ditremexa occidentalis. Native to East Asia, it now grows in temparate and subtropical climates worldwide -- including the Southeast United States. Senna products come in pill, capsule, powder and tea form and are available from most herbal remedy and holistic medicine distributors.
About Losing Weight
Healthy, sustainable weight loss comes from burning more calories than you eat. When this happens, your body makes up the difference by accessing extra calories you ate earlier and stored as fat. You burn the fat, and lose weight. Other forms of weight loss that are less healthy include losing water weight, fasting to reduce food weight and " Longchamp Outlet;gimmick" diets that trick your body into a state of emergency that burns fat faster.
Herbal Laxative
Senna is a traditional gastrointestinal treatment because it is a powerful laxative. This means it will stimulate you to have bowel movements more often and in greater volume. One side effect of this is that you will lose water weight from the water in your stool, and shed a few pounds through excretion. It's possible that you will also pass some foods you eat before your body fully digests them and absorbs your calories.
Bottom Line
Senna can stimulate some weight loss but the mechanic for weight loss -- excretion rather than fat burning -- is not a healthy weight loss choice. Further, the weight loss is temporary. It doesn't actually reduce your body fat. The weight will go right back on as soon as you reestablish your normal bathroom patterns and restore a healthy level of hydration.
The gym has equipment that can help you maximize the benefits of your back stretches. Some of the main equipment you'll use includes the exercise ball. It's important with back stretches to make sure you're using proper form in order to avoid injury. Working with a personal trainer can help you set up an exercise program that fits for your body and is safe and effective. Never stretch in a way that feels uncomfortable or straining.
Back Bends with an Exercise Ball
It's important to find an exercise ball that's the right size for your height and ability level. Sit on the ball and walk forward while leaning back onto the ball. Your upper back should be draped over the ball and your arms to your side Gucci Outlet. Try having the exercise ball hit your back at different places to stretch the lower back versus the upper back.
Forward Bends with an Exercise Ball
Lie on top of the ball with the ball hitting the chest. Walk forward to let the ball roll more toward the waist. Then put your hands behind your back and raise the arms as far as you comfortably can if you can maintain your balance on the ball.
Side Bends on the Exercise Ball
Lie sideways on the exercise ball. If you're on your left side, raise the right arm over the right ear and walk up and back on the ball to change the area that's stretched.
Upper Back Stretches with a Stretch Band
Most gyms have stretch bands that can help you work your upper back. Grasp the band as wide as it is from ear to ear. Put each hand by each ear. Flex the band out to the side until your arms are extended. Then grasp the band with your hands next to each other. Put your arms straight up and alternate flexing one hand in front of the other.
Side Bends with Free Weights
Free weights can enhance a side body and back stretch. Use a weight that's not so heavy that it's a strain to hold. For a right side body bend, take the weight in your left hand. As you raise your right arm over your ear and bend to the left, let the weight pull you down a bit farther to expand the stretch. Repeat on the other side.
Upper Back Stretches with Free Weights
Take two free weights that are a comfortable weight for you. Pull your arms behind you at chest level with your elbows bent. Stretch your arms in front of you without any bending. Repeat, going back to the elbows bent starting position. Move slowly so that you feel the stretch in your upper back.
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